Class 7 Geography 7. Soils/Maharashtra state board/ question and Answers /textual question and Answers

Q. 1. Complete the following table.
Answer:
Q. 2. Why do the following occur ?
(1) To the west of Sahyadris, laterite soils are formed from basalt rock.
Answer: Laterite soils are formed in regions of heavy rainfall.
The climate of western Sahyadris is hot & humid.
This leads to leaching of basalt rocks due to which there is formation of laterite soils.

(2) Humus content in the soil increases.
Answer:Microorganisms and certain other organism help in decomposing the dead remains of organic materials.
The biotic material thus produced is called humus.
If organic manures, vermicompost compost are used regularly, the humus content in the soil increases.

(3) Soil formation process is faster in the equatorial climate.
Answer:In the region of high rainfall and higher temperature the process of soil formation is faster.
Equatorial climatic region have high temperature and receive high rainfall.
Thus soil formation process is faster in the equatorial region.
(4) The salinity of the soil increases.
Answer: Due to excessive irrigation, the salts from the soil are drawn upwards.
This increases the salinity of the soil.

(5) Rice is the staple diet of the people from Konkan.
Answer: Hot & humid climate, heavy rainfall & fertile alluvial soil are favourable for rice cultivation.
This soil has good water holding capacity. Since these conditions are found in the konkan region, rice is grown on a large scale here.
So rice is the staple diet of the people from Konkan.
(6) Soil erosion
Answer:A layer of soil (top layer of soil) gets removed due to wind or water. This means that the soil gets eroded. Running water, climate and diversity in physiography are reasons of soil erosion.

(7) Soil degradation. 
Answer: The soil quality may get lowered due to certain reasons. This is called degradation of soil. To obtain a higher agricultural yield, chemical fertilizers, insecticides, weedicides, etc. are used. The excessive spraying of chemicals and use of chemical fertilizers leads to soil degradation.
Q. 3. Give information on:
1) Measures of soil conservation.
Answer: The following are the measures of soil conservation:
(i) Afforestation / Planting trees: Planting trees can control the velocity of wind. This helps reducing erosion by wind. The plant roots hold the soil and also reduces the erosion of soil.
(ii) Continuous contour trenches: Construction of continuous contour trenches at different height checks the velocity of water running along the slopes & hence reduces soil erosion. The water arrested in these trenches percolates into the ground.
(iii) Implementation of watershed Development program: The Government of Maharashtra has implemented the watershed development programme under which constructing embankment along slopes in rural areas, introducing CCTs along steep slopes etc. are undertaken. This led to the success of the scheme ‘Arrest water, let it percolate’. This has resulted in raising the ground water levels & reducing the erosion of soil.
(iv) Implementation of Jalayukt Shivar: Under the scheme of Jalayukt Shivar, works like construction of farm bunds, arresting waters of small streams, connecting the streams etc. are being carried out on a large scale.

(2) Organic manures
Answer:(i) Organic manures in farming, helps to maintain the pH balance.
(ii) It also increases the proportion of humus, and retain the fertility of soil.

(3) Place where you will get the information about the suitability of a soil for a particular crop.
Answer:(i) The information about the suitability of a soil can be obtained from Department of Agriculture of Government of Maharashtra, Natural Resource conservation services, soil testing laboratories in various states and at many agricultural universities.
(ii) The type of  soil, soil fertility, pH status of the soil, etc. are determined in soil testing.
(iii) Based on the testing, an analysis of the soil is done & information about the suitability of a soil for a particular crop is provided.

(4) Importance of soils for plant growth. 
Answer: (i) Soil is important for plant as it hold roots that provide support for plants and stores nutrient for the growth of plants.
(ii) Fertile soils favour plant growth.

Q. 4. Complete the following table withreference to soil.
Answer :

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

4. The Freedom Struggle of 1857/ Std. 8th History4. / EXERCISE

Std. 8th History 4. The Freedom Struggle of 1857 EXERCISE 1. Rewrite the statements by choosing the appropriate options. (Umaji Naik, War of Independence, Lord Dalhousie, Secretary of State, Tatya Tope) (1) V.D.Savarkar named the struggle of 1857 as ............ . Ans : 1) V.D.Savarkar named the struggle of 1857 as War of Independence. (2) ............ united the Ramoshis to rebel against the British. Ans : Umaji Naik united the Ramoshis to rebel against the British. (3) After the struggle of 1857 the post of ........... was created in the British  Government to look after the affairs of India. Ans : After the struggle of 1857 the post of Secretary of State  was created in the British Government to look after the affairs of India. (4) ............ was the Governor General who annexed the princely states. Ans : Lord Dalhousie  was the Governor General who annexed the princely states. 2. Explain the following statements with reasons. (1) The Paikas ...
Read more

3. Humidity and clouds / Class 8. Geography

Image
Class 8 Geography 3. Humidity and clouds 1. Match the column and the chain 2. Choose the correct word from the brackets and complete the sentences: (Options: Cumulonimbus, relative humidity, absolute humidity, condensation, vapor-holding capacity) 1. The ………….. of the air is dependent on the temperature of the air. Answer: vapour-holding capacity 2.The amount of vapour in 1 cu.m, of air shows the …………. Answer: absolute humidity 3.As …………. is less in the desert areas, the air is dry there. Answer: relative humidity 4. ……………. type of clouds are indicators of the storm. Answer: Cumulonimbus 5. In a free environment, the ………….. of the vapour present in the atmosphere takes place around the dust particles. Answer: condensation Q. 3. Differentiate between:  1. Humidity and clouds: 2.Relative Himidity and absolute humidity 3. Cumulus clouds and cumulusnimbus humidity Q 4. Answer the following questions:   (a) Wh...
Read more

Class 8 History 11. Struggle for EqualityMaharshtra State board/textual exercise /question and answers.

Image
Class 8 History  11. Struggle for Equality Maharshtra State board/textual exercise /question and answers. Q.1. Rewrite the statements by choosing the appropriate options. (Lala Lajpat Rai, Sane Guruji, Rakhmabai Janardan Save)  (1) ................ founded the Red Cross Society at Rajkot.  Ans : Rakhmabai Janardan founded the Red Cross Society at Rajkot.  (2) ................ was the President of mill workers union at Ammalner.  Ans: Sane Guruji was the President of mill workers union at Ammalner.  (3) The President of the first session of AITUC was ................ . Ans : The President of the first session of AITUC was Lala Lajpat Rai . Q.   2.  Write short notes.   (1) Social work of Vitthal Ramji Shinde. Ans :  1. In 1906, Maharshi Vitthal Ramji Shinde started the ‘Depressed Classes Mission’ for the progress of the Dalits.  2. The important part of their work was to make the Dalits self respectful, well educated and enga...
Read more