4. The Freedom Struggle of 1857/ Std. 8th History4. / EXERCISE
Std. 8th History
4. The Freedom Struggle of 1857
EXERCISE
1. Rewrite the statements by choosing the
appropriate options.
(Umaji Naik, War of Independence, Lord
Dalhousie, Secretary of State, Tatya
Tope)
(1) V.D.Savarkar named the struggle of
1857 as ............ .
Ans: 1) V.D.Savarkar named the struggle of
1857 as War of Independence.
(2) ............ united the Ramoshis to rebel
against the British.
Ans: Umaji Naik united the Ramoshis to rebel
against the British.
(3) After the struggle of 1857 the post of ........... was created in the British Government to look after the affairs of India.
Ans: After the struggle of 1857 the post of Secretary of State was created in the British Government to
look after the affairs of India.
(4) ............ was the Governor General who annexed the princely states.
Ans: Lord Dalhousie was the Governor General
who annexed the princely states.
2. Explain the following statements with reasons.
(1) The Paikas made armed rebellion against the British.
• Ans: In 1803, the English conquered Odisha.
• They took over the hereditary rent free lands granted to the Paikas.
• This made the Paikas angry.
• Similarly, common man’s life had also become miserable because of rise in salt price due to tax imposed on it by the British.
• This resulted in an armed rebellion of Paikas against the British in 1817. Bakshi
Jaganbandhu Bidyadhar led this revolt.
(2) There was discontent among the Hindu and Muslim sepoys.
• Ans:
• In 1856, the British provided long range enfield rifles to the Indian sepoys.
• The sepoys were required to bite the end of the cartridges.
• The news spread out that these cartridges were smeared in the fats of cow and pig.
• Due to this the religious sentiments of Hindu and Muslim sepoys were hurt and made them unhappy.
(3) The Indian sepoys could not keep stand in front of the British army.
Ans: The Indian sepoys could not keep stand in front of the British army because :
• The Indian soldiers were brave but they had no military strategies.
• They did not have economic strength.
• Indians did not have latest and enough stock of arms and experienced army generals like the British.
• On the other hand, the British possessed the modern means of transport and communication and were therefore swift in their movements.
(4) After the struggle, Indian army was divided on the basis of caste.
Ans: There was division of military on the basis of caste because :
• The British felt that if the Indians came together they would again unite and rebel against the British rule.
• Hence, proper care was taken by dividing them on the basis of caste to avoid future conflict.
(5) The British imposed heavy taxes on
Indian industries.
• Ans: The British introduced new revenue system with the sole purpose to increase their income.
• The taxes were forcibly collected from the farmers.
• British goods were sold in India to gain profits.
• They imposed heavy taxes on the goods made by local industries.
• This trade policy ruined Indian handicraft and textile industries.
• Many artisans became unemployed. The British imposed heavy taxes on Indian industries with the sole purpose to ruin the Indian economy.
3. Answer the following question in brief.
(1) What were the social causes behind
the struggle of 1857?
Ans:
• The Indians felt that the Britishers were interfering in the culture, tradition and customs of India.
• Sati prohibition, widow remarriage act were correct from social point of view, but the Indians thought that it is an interference in their lifestyle and hence they were dissatisfied.
(2) Why did the Indians fail in the struggle of 1857 ?
Ans: There are several reasons for the failure of Indians in the struggle of 1857. They were :
• It did not have central leadership so lacked uniformity.
• The Indian soldiers who participated in the struggle did not have latest and sufficient weapons.
• They were brave but did not have tactics
• On the other hand, the British had a unified leadership, disciplined army, latest weapons and experienced army generals.
• The British controlled transport and communication which made their movement swift.
• The majority of the rulers of the Princely States kept themselves away from the freedom struggle.
• The struggle was severe in Northern India. It did not take place all over India simultaneously.
• Rajputana, Punjab, some parts of Bengal and North west India remained aloof.
(3) Write down the consequences of struggle of 1857.
• ANS: The British government realised that there was growing dissatisfaction among the Indians due to Company’s rule.
• The British Parliament passed the Government of India Act in 1858 and took over the responsibility of ruling over people of India thus bringing an end to Company’s rule.
• The Queen issued a Declaration addressing the people of India.
• The Governor General was designated as the Viceroy of India.
• A new post of Secretary of State was created to look after the affairs of India.
• The British changed the composition of army and its internal policies.
(4) What were the changes in British policy after the struggle of 1857?
• Ans; The British accepted the policy of non-interference in social and religious aspects of Indians.
• They took care that Indian society did not unite on social grounds.
• They took care to see that conflicts on grounds of caste, religion, race, territory kept raging.
• They poisoned and polluted the minds of Indians by following the policy of ‘Divide and Rule’.
[ ] CAUSES OF FREEDOM STRUGGLE
1. The changing nature of village system created a feeling of instability and insecurity in the minds
of the people.
2. Taxes were forcibly extracted from the farmers. Many Indian artists becam unemployed.
3. Sati prohibition, widow remarriage act were
correct from social point of view, but the Indians thought that it is an interference in their lifestyle and hence they were dissatisfied.
4. Due to the policies of Dalhousie the Indians did not consider the British as trustworthy.
5. The Indian soldiers were given low status
by the British officers.
6. the religious sentiments of Hindu and Muslim sepoys were hurt and made them unhappy.
4. The Freedom Struggle of 1857
EXERCISE
1. Rewrite the statements by choosing the
appropriate options.
(Umaji Naik, War of Independence, Lord
Dalhousie, Secretary of State, Tatya
Tope)
(1) V.D.Savarkar named the struggle of
1857 as ............ .
Ans: 1) V.D.Savarkar named the struggle of
1857 as War of Independence.
(2) ............ united the Ramoshis to rebel
against the British.
Ans: Umaji Naik united the Ramoshis to rebel
against the British.
(3) After the struggle of 1857 the post of ........... was created in the British Government to look after the affairs of India.
Ans: After the struggle of 1857 the post of Secretary of State was created in the British Government to
look after the affairs of India.
(4) ............ was the Governor General who annexed the princely states.
Ans: Lord Dalhousie was the Governor General
who annexed the princely states.
2. Explain the following statements with reasons.
(1) The Paikas made armed rebellion against the British.
• Ans: In 1803, the English conquered Odisha.
• They took over the hereditary rent free lands granted to the Paikas.
• This made the Paikas angry.
• Similarly, common man’s life had also become miserable because of rise in salt price due to tax imposed on it by the British.
• This resulted in an armed rebellion of Paikas against the British in 1817. Bakshi
Jaganbandhu Bidyadhar led this revolt.
(2) There was discontent among the Hindu and Muslim sepoys.
• Ans:
• In 1856, the British provided long range enfield rifles to the Indian sepoys.
• The sepoys were required to bite the end of the cartridges.
• The news spread out that these cartridges were smeared in the fats of cow and pig.
• Due to this the religious sentiments of Hindu and Muslim sepoys were hurt and made them unhappy.
(3) The Indian sepoys could not keep stand in front of the British army.
Ans: The Indian sepoys could not keep stand in front of the British army because :
• The Indian soldiers were brave but they had no military strategies.
• They did not have economic strength.
• Indians did not have latest and enough stock of arms and experienced army generals like the British.
• On the other hand, the British possessed the modern means of transport and communication and were therefore swift in their movements.
(4) After the struggle, Indian army was divided on the basis of caste.
Ans: There was division of military on the basis of caste because :
• The British felt that if the Indians came together they would again unite and rebel against the British rule.
• Hence, proper care was taken by dividing them on the basis of caste to avoid future conflict.
(5) The British imposed heavy taxes on
Indian industries.
• Ans: The British introduced new revenue system with the sole purpose to increase their income.
• The taxes were forcibly collected from the farmers.
• British goods were sold in India to gain profits.
• They imposed heavy taxes on the goods made by local industries.
• This trade policy ruined Indian handicraft and textile industries.
• Many artisans became unemployed. The British imposed heavy taxes on Indian industries with the sole purpose to ruin the Indian economy.
3. Answer the following question in brief.
(1) What were the social causes behind
the struggle of 1857?
Ans:
• The Indians felt that the Britishers were interfering in the culture, tradition and customs of India.
• Sati prohibition, widow remarriage act were correct from social point of view, but the Indians thought that it is an interference in their lifestyle and hence they were dissatisfied.
(2) Why did the Indians fail in the struggle of 1857 ?
Ans: There are several reasons for the failure of Indians in the struggle of 1857. They were :
• It did not have central leadership so lacked uniformity.
• The Indian soldiers who participated in the struggle did not have latest and sufficient weapons.
• They were brave but did not have tactics
• On the other hand, the British had a unified leadership, disciplined army, latest weapons and experienced army generals.
• The British controlled transport and communication which made their movement swift.
• The majority of the rulers of the Princely States kept themselves away from the freedom struggle.
• The struggle was severe in Northern India. It did not take place all over India simultaneously.
• Rajputana, Punjab, some parts of Bengal and North west India remained aloof.
(3) Write down the consequences of struggle of 1857.
• ANS: The British government realised that there was growing dissatisfaction among the Indians due to Company’s rule.
• The British Parliament passed the Government of India Act in 1858 and took over the responsibility of ruling over people of India thus bringing an end to Company’s rule.
• The Queen issued a Declaration addressing the people of India.
• The Governor General was designated as the Viceroy of India.
• A new post of Secretary of State was created to look after the affairs of India.
• The British changed the composition of army and its internal policies.
(4) What were the changes in British policy after the struggle of 1857?
• Ans; The British accepted the policy of non-interference in social and religious aspects of Indians.
• They took care that Indian society did not unite on social grounds.
• They took care to see that conflicts on grounds of caste, religion, race, territory kept raging.
• They poisoned and polluted the minds of Indians by following the policy of ‘Divide and Rule’.
[ ] CAUSES OF FREEDOM STRUGGLE
1. The changing nature of village system created a feeling of instability and insecurity in the minds
of the people.
2. Taxes were forcibly extracted from the farmers. Many Indian artists becam unemployed.
3. Sati prohibition, widow remarriage act were
correct from social point of view, but the Indians thought that it is an interference in their lifestyle and hence they were dissatisfied.
4. Due to the policies of Dalhousie the Indians did not consider the British as trustworthy.
5. The Indian soldiers were given low status
by the British officers.
6. the religious sentiments of Hindu and Muslim sepoys were hurt and made them unhappy.
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