Class 7 Subject: Civics 3.Features of the Constitution (Questions and Answers) (Maharashtra Board)

Class 7 Subject: Civics
Questions and Answers (Maharashtra Board)
1. Prepare a table to show the separationof powers in a Federal Government.
Machinery for the governance: 


2. Find one word for.
(1) Machinery for the governance of the entire country -
Answer:Union Government
(2) Machinery for conducting elections-
Answer: Election Commission
(3) The third list of subjects for making laws -
Answer: Concurrent List

3. Answer the following questions.
1) Why does the Government function at two levels in a federation?
Answer:
(i) One of the important features of our Constitution is the Federal System.
(ii) In countries with large territories and huge populations, the Government is run by a Federal System.
(iii) Ruling a large territory from a single capital city is not only difficult but may also lead to the neglect of some far-flung areas.
(iii) Ruling a large territory from a single capital city is not only difficult but may also lead to the neglect of some far-flung areas.
(iv) People residing there cannot participate in the affairs of the Government. Therefore, the governments function at two levels in a § Federation.

(2) What do you understand by Residuary Powers ?
Answer: 
1)Our Constitution has given three lists on various subjects.
(ii) The first list is called Union List. It contains 97 subjects on which the Union Government makes laws.
(iii) The State List is for the State Governments to legislate upon. It contains 66 subjects.
(iv) Apart from these two lists, there is a Concurrent List which contains 47 subjects.
(v) Both governments can make laws on subjects included in this list. If a subject comes up that is not included in any of the lists, the Union Government is entitled to make laws on it. These powers are termed as ‘Residuary Powers’.

(3) Why has the Constitution created an independent Judiciary for India? 
Answer:(i) The Judiciary of India is independent machinery according to the provisions of the Constitution.
(ii) It is separate from the Executive and Legislative bodies of the Indian Government.
(iii) The Supreme Court is the guardian of the Constitution which ensures that the Fundamental Rights of the citizens are not violated.
(iv) To carry out its duties without fear or favour or external pressure, the Judiciary in India is independent.

4. Hold a group discussion on the merits anddemerits of an independent judicial system.
Answer:
Merits of an independent judicial system:
The judicial system enables the courts to give impartial judgements.
Judiciary does not act under any political pressure.
As the judges are appointed by the President and not by the Government.

Demerits of an independent judicial system:
As the judiciary is independent, it is out of the scope of the government’s control.
The judiciary is not answerable to anyone if the process of dispensing justice is slow.

5. Find out about the Electronic VotingMachine (EVM) and discuss the advantagesof conducting elections with the EVM.
Answer:
1.Difficult to tamper/cheat
2.Cost-effective and economical
3.Time-saving
4.Calculation is faster
5.Easy to use / carry / transport
6.Data can be saved for later use.


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