Class 8 History 5. Social and Religious Reforms/Maharashtra State Board Questions and answers

Class 8 History
5. Social and Religious Reforms
1. Rewrite the statements by choosing the appropriate options. (Sir Sayyad Ahmad Khan, Swami Vivekanada, Maharshi Vitthal Ramji Shinde)
(1) ............... established the Ramkrishna Mission.
Ans: Swami Vivekananda established the Ramkrishna Mission.
(2) The Anglo-Mohammedan Oriental College was established by .............. .
Ans: The Anglo-Mohammedan Oriental College was established by Sir Sayyad Ahmad Khan.
(3) The Depressed Classes Mission was founded by .............. .
Ans: The Depressed Classes Mission was founded by Maharshi Vitthal Ramji Shinde.
2. Complete the following table.
Answer:
Ans:
3. Explain the following statements with reasons.
(1) The Social and religious reform movement began in India.
Ans: The modern educated Indians became aware that the backwardness of India was due to superstitions, casteism, old customs, class system and lack of critical outlook. It was necessary to eradicate the flaws and undesirable tendency for progress of the country. And to create a new society based on the principles of Humanity, Equality, and Fraternity.
Hence the social and religious reform movement began in India.

(2) Mahatma Phule conducted a strike of barbers.
Ans: There was a custom of Keshavapan, i.e. shaving head of widows in India.In order to oppose this unjust custom, Mahatma Phule conducted a strike of Barbers.
4. Write Short notes.
 (1) Ramkrishna Mission
Ans: Swami Vivekananda, a close disciple of Ramkrishna Paramhansa, founded the Ramkrishna Mission in 1897.The mission carried out social work like providing help to famine-stricken people, patients and gave medical help to the poor and worked for female education.It taught people service to humanity is a true religion and worked towards spiritual progress of the people.

(2) Reforms for women by Savitribai Phule
Ans: Savitribai Phule, wife of Mahatma Phule, advocated women’s education along with him.She supported her husband in his efforts to start first school for girls at Bhide Wada in Pune.She continued her work in the field of education though she faced severe criticism from the society.She put great efforts in women reform movement which resulted in putting an end to many unjust practices.

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