Class 8 History and Civics/ 5.The State Government/ Questions and answers/ Maharashtra State board

Class 8 History and Civics
Lesson 5. The State Government
1. Choose the correct option and complete the statements.
(1) The Winter session of Maharashtra
Legislature takes place at ............. .
(a) Mumbai (b) Nagpur
(c) Pune (d) Aurangabad
Ans: The Winter session of Maharashtra Legislature takes place at Nagpur.
(2) The ............... appoints the Governor.
(a) Chief Minister (b) Prime Minister
(c) President (d) Chief Justice
Ans: The Governor appoints the Governor.
(3) The right to summon the state legislature
lies with the ...............
(a) Chief Minister (b) Governor
(c) President (d) Speaker
Ans: The right to summon the state legislature lies with the Governor.

2. Complete the table.
Ans:

3. Write short notes on.
(1) The Governor
Ans: The President is anominal head at the Centre while the Governor is the nominal head at the state-level. Governor is appointed by thePresident and holds the office during the pleasure of the President. The Governor also enjoys certain legislative powers. For example, the bills passed by the Vidhan Sabha and Vidhan Parishad are converted into laws only after receiving the assent of the Governor. The Governor has the right to summon the session of the state legislature. When the legislature is not in session but the need arises to make the law, then the
Governor can issue an Ordinance for the same.

(2) Functions of the Chief Minister
Ans: The functions of the Chief Minister, as an Executive head of the state, are as follows:
• To form an able Council of Ministers giving maximum representation to various regions and social groups.
• To distribute portfolios considering the political experience, administrative skills, public awareness, leadership, etc. of the ministers.
• To develop proper cooperation and coordination between Departments, resolve their conflicts and make them work effectively.
• To lead the state, frame proper policies and implement them effectively, intervene in issues of the state and solve them for the comfort of the people.

4. Answer the following in brief.
(1) Enumerate the functions of the Speaker of the Vidhan Sabha (Legislative Assembly).
Ans: The Speaker is elected by the members of Vidhan Sabha. His functions are as follows:
• To prepare the order of daily proceedings in the House.
• To carry out the proceedings of the House in a disciplined manner.
• To suspend the members for misbehaviour or misconduct.
• To control and guide the proceedings of the House during sessions.

(2) Why did the Constitution adopt a federal system for India?
• Ans:India is a country having large
geographic expanse.
• It has a multicultural population.
• There is a great diversity in language, religion, ways of life and regional characteristics.
• It would not have been possible to govern such a huge country from a centralised place. Hence, the Constitution adopted a federal system of India.

(3) What are the considerations of the Chief Minister while allocation of portfolios.
Ans: After the formation of the Council of Ministers, the Chief Minister has to distribute portfolios among the ministers. He has to consider following aspects:
• Some portfolios are of prime importance while others are of secondary importance. He has to select appropriate people for each portfolio.
• He has to consider the experience i and the efficiency of the ministers he has selected.
• The political experience and administrative skills of the concerned ministers is also taken into consideration by him.
• Other factors like the awareness of public issues, effective leadership, etc. are also considered by him.
• If the government is in a coalition, he has to distribute portfolios appropriately among the constituent parties in the alliance.

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