Class 8 History Chapter 11 Struggle for Equality Textbook Questions and Answers
Class 8 History Chapter 11 Struggle for Equality Textbook Questions and Answers
1. Rewrite the statements by- choosing the appropriate options:
(Lala Lajpat Rai, Sane Guruji, Dr. Rakhmabai Janardan Save, Deenbandhu Mitra, Babasaheb Bole)
* 1.…………….. founded the Red Cross Society at Rajkot.
Answer:Dr. Rakhmabai Janardan Save
*2.…………….. was the president of mill workers union at Ammalner.
Answer:Sane Guruji
*3.The president of the first session of AITUC was ……………..
Answer:Lala Lajpat Rai
4. Lokhande’s contribution to the working class movement was so valuable that he is described as........
Ans: ‘Father of Indian Workers Movement '.
5. ........... had already written an article on Marx in 1881.
Ans: Lokmanya Tilak
6. ........... was the first practicing woman doctor in India.
Ans: Rakhmabai Janardan Save
7. In 1888, Gopal Baba Walangkar, in his
book ............ condemned untouchability.
Ans: 'Vitaal Vidhwansan’
8. .............started the magazine ‘Somavanshiya Mitra’ on 1 July 1908.
Ans: Shivram Janba Kamble
9. ................ made revolutionary declaration for reservation in state of Kolhapur.
Ans; Rajarshi Shahu Maharaj
10. Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar made a significant contribution to the creation of a social structure based on ......... in Modern India.
Ans: equality
2. Write short notes:
* 1.Social Work of Maharshi Vitthal Ramji Shinde :
Answer:
• The goal of Maharshi Vitthal Ramji Shinde was to make the Dalits self respectful, well educated and engaged in work.
• He worked to destroy the delusive ideas regarding Dalits in the minds of the upper caste.
• He founded the ‘Depressed Classes Mission’ for the progress of Dalits in 1906.
• To achieve this, he started Marathi schools and work schools in parts of Parel, Deonar in Mumbai.
• He actively took part in various movement which were related to the welfare of the Dalits like Satyagraha for entry in Parvati temple at Pune, Shetkari Parishad of Dalits and Federal Electorates.
*(2) Reforms of Rajarshi Shahu Maharaj in the state of Kolhapur.
• Ans: Rajarshi Shahu Maharaj worked for abolishing of caste discrimination.
• He made revolutionary declaration for reservation in the state of Kolhapur.
• He made law for free and compulsory primary education.
• He worked to remove restrictions on inter dining, intermarriage and change of occupation in the caste system.
• He passed the Act of inter-caste marriage and made it legal in state.
• He abolished ‘Balutedari System’, by publishing a declaration in the Government Gazette of the state of Kolhapur on 22 February, 1918.
• This allowed people to practice any occupation and freed them from type of social slavery.
3. Reforms of Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar
• Ans: The struggle of the Dalits began under the leadership of Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar.
• He aimed at establishing a society based
on principles of Liberty, Equality and Fraternity.
• He was convinced that the injustice to the Dalits and inequality would not end unless the caste system was completely uprooted.
• According to him, social equality was the right of the Dalits.
• He intended to carry out a movement based on self repect.
• From this point of view he established the ‘Bahishkrut Hitkarini Sabha’ in July 1924. ‘Be
Educated, Be Organised and Be Agitated’, was the inspirational message given by him to his followers.
• The water reservoirs were not accessible to the Dalits and hence Dr.Babasaheb Ambedkar and his followers started Satygraha at Chavdar lake in Mahad.
• He also burned the Manusmriti which
advocated inequality.
• In 1930, he started Satyagraha for the entry of Dalits in the Kalaram temple at Nasik.
4. Dr. Anandibai Joshi
Ans: First Indian Female Doctor. Her son lived a life of only ten days and then died. This sorrow became responsible for inspiring her to study medicine. She
acquired M.D. degree in 1886. While returning to India Anandibai contracted tuberculosis. Later on 16 February 1887 she died in Pune.
*3. Explain the following statements with reasons.
(1) The Government decided to crush down the communist movement.
• Ans: The Communist Party was formed in India in 1925.
• The young communist leaders started building militant organisations of workers and peasants.
• The British government started feeling the danger of Communist movement and hence decide to crush it.
*(2) Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar started newspapers like ‘Muknayak’ Bahishkrut Bharat etc.
• Ans: Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar wanted to establish a society based on principles of Liberty, Equality and Fraternity.
• He intended to carry out movement to establish self-respect and social equality for Dalits.
• It was necessary to create awakening in society in this respect and to voice their grief.
• The newspaper was an integral part of Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar’s movement.
• Hence, he started many newspapers so that his ideas and thoughts reach the society.
*(3) There aroused a need of nation wide workers union.
• Ans: In the later half of the 19th century, textile mills, railway companies and such other industries were started in India.
• The workers group were not aroused on large scale.
• As there were no unions, the workers were not organised.
• After the First World War, there was rise of worker class in India due to industrialisation.
Therefore, a necessity was felt for a nationwide worker union.
4. Rise and growth and growth of Socialist ideology.
Ans: Many of the young activists in the Indian National Congress felt that for protecting the
interest of the people it is necessary to overthrow the British Government. Similarly, they started realising that the society should be restructured on the principle of economic and social equality.
Through this realisation, there was rise and growth of Socialist ideology.
4. Answer the following questions in brief.
*(1) Why was the struggle for equality important in the making of Modern India?
• Ans:India achieved freedom because of freedom struggle.
• The scope of this struggle was not limited to achieve political freedom but emancipation of man from all types of bondages.
• Therefore in the course of this struggle, there was opposition to feudalism, social inequality and economic exploitation.
• The principle of equality was given equal importance.
• Various groups such as farmers, workers, women and Dalits came forward and started movements in order to get justice and bring about reforms.
This proves that the struggle for equality has great significance in the making of Modern India.
*(2) Write about the work of Sane Guruji in eastern Khandesh.
• Ans:In 1938, due to heavy rains crops were destroyed in eastern Khandesh.
• He organised the farmers who were in miserable state.
• Sane Guruji organised meetings and processions at many places in eastern Khandesh to have land revenue waived for the farmers.
• He took out marches on the Collector office.
• He tried to create a strong centre of workers union at Dhule-Ammalner.
*(3) How was the struggle built up by workers decisive for the national movement ?
• Ans: The beginning of the 19th century witnessed the emergence of working-class due to industrialisation. They made efforts to solve their problems.
• During the anti-partition movement, workers carried out strikes from time to time to pressurise the British government.
• The tea plantation workers in Assam launched an agitation against their wretched condition.
• During the anti-partition movement, workers carried out strikes from time to time in support of Swadeshi.
• In 1928, the Mill Workers Union went on strike for six months. Many such strikes were organised by the Railway workers, jute mill workers, etc.
*(4) Discuss the nature of reform movement related to women.
• Ans:Women had a secondary position in the Indian social system.
• They were subjected to many injustices because of evil practices.
• In the 20th century, many reforms were initiated for the betterment of women.
• The reform movement was led by women and institutions formed by them.
• They fought for issues such as the right to inheritance, right to vote through the medium of these institutions.
• The involvement of women went on increasing. They played an active role in the national movement and in the revolutionary movement.
• Due to the reform movement, women were included in the Provincial Ministries.
1. Rewrite the statements by- choosing the appropriate options:
(Lala Lajpat Rai, Sane Guruji, Dr. Rakhmabai Janardan Save, Deenbandhu Mitra, Babasaheb Bole)
* 1.…………….. founded the Red Cross Society at Rajkot.
Answer:Dr. Rakhmabai Janardan Save
*2.…………….. was the president of mill workers union at Ammalner.
Answer:Sane Guruji
*3.The president of the first session of AITUC was ……………..
Answer:Lala Lajpat Rai
4. Lokhande’s contribution to the working class movement was so valuable that he is described as........
Ans: ‘Father of Indian Workers Movement '.
5. ........... had already written an article on Marx in 1881.
Ans: Lokmanya Tilak
6. ........... was the first practicing woman doctor in India.
Ans: Rakhmabai Janardan Save
7. In 1888, Gopal Baba Walangkar, in his
book ............ condemned untouchability.
Ans: 'Vitaal Vidhwansan’
8. .............started the magazine ‘Somavanshiya Mitra’ on 1 July 1908.
Ans: Shivram Janba Kamble
9. ................ made revolutionary declaration for reservation in state of Kolhapur.
Ans; Rajarshi Shahu Maharaj
10. Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar made a significant contribution to the creation of a social structure based on ......... in Modern India.
Ans: equality
2. Write short notes:
* 1.Social Work of Maharshi Vitthal Ramji Shinde :
Answer:
• The goal of Maharshi Vitthal Ramji Shinde was to make the Dalits self respectful, well educated and engaged in work.
• He worked to destroy the delusive ideas regarding Dalits in the minds of the upper caste.
• He founded the ‘Depressed Classes Mission’ for the progress of Dalits in 1906.
• To achieve this, he started Marathi schools and work schools in parts of Parel, Deonar in Mumbai.
• He actively took part in various movement which were related to the welfare of the Dalits like Satyagraha for entry in Parvati temple at Pune, Shetkari Parishad of Dalits and Federal Electorates.
*(2) Reforms of Rajarshi Shahu Maharaj in the state of Kolhapur.
• Ans: Rajarshi Shahu Maharaj worked for abolishing of caste discrimination.
• He made revolutionary declaration for reservation in the state of Kolhapur.
• He made law for free and compulsory primary education.
• He worked to remove restrictions on inter dining, intermarriage and change of occupation in the caste system.
• He passed the Act of inter-caste marriage and made it legal in state.
• He abolished ‘Balutedari System’, by publishing a declaration in the Government Gazette of the state of Kolhapur on 22 February, 1918.
• This allowed people to practice any occupation and freed them from type of social slavery.
3. Reforms of Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar
• Ans: The struggle of the Dalits began under the leadership of Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar.
• He aimed at establishing a society based
on principles of Liberty, Equality and Fraternity.
• He was convinced that the injustice to the Dalits and inequality would not end unless the caste system was completely uprooted.
• According to him, social equality was the right of the Dalits.
• He intended to carry out a movement based on self repect.
• From this point of view he established the ‘Bahishkrut Hitkarini Sabha’ in July 1924. ‘Be
Educated, Be Organised and Be Agitated’, was the inspirational message given by him to his followers.
• The water reservoirs were not accessible to the Dalits and hence Dr.Babasaheb Ambedkar and his followers started Satygraha at Chavdar lake in Mahad.
• He also burned the Manusmriti which
advocated inequality.
• In 1930, he started Satyagraha for the entry of Dalits in the Kalaram temple at Nasik.
4. Dr. Anandibai Joshi
Ans: First Indian Female Doctor. Her son lived a life of only ten days and then died. This sorrow became responsible for inspiring her to study medicine. She
acquired M.D. degree in 1886. While returning to India Anandibai contracted tuberculosis. Later on 16 February 1887 she died in Pune.
*3. Explain the following statements with reasons.
(1) The Government decided to crush down the communist movement.
• Ans: The Communist Party was formed in India in 1925.
• The young communist leaders started building militant organisations of workers and peasants.
• The British government started feeling the danger of Communist movement and hence decide to crush it.
*(2) Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar started newspapers like ‘Muknayak’ Bahishkrut Bharat etc.
• Ans: Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar wanted to establish a society based on principles of Liberty, Equality and Fraternity.
• He intended to carry out movement to establish self-respect and social equality for Dalits.
• It was necessary to create awakening in society in this respect and to voice their grief.
• The newspaper was an integral part of Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar’s movement.
• Hence, he started many newspapers so that his ideas and thoughts reach the society.
*(3) There aroused a need of nation wide workers union.
• Ans: In the later half of the 19th century, textile mills, railway companies and such other industries were started in India.
• The workers group were not aroused on large scale.
• As there were no unions, the workers were not organised.
• After the First World War, there was rise of worker class in India due to industrialisation.
Therefore, a necessity was felt for a nationwide worker union.
4. Rise and growth and growth of Socialist ideology.
Ans: Many of the young activists in the Indian National Congress felt that for protecting the
interest of the people it is necessary to overthrow the British Government. Similarly, they started realising that the society should be restructured on the principle of economic and social equality.
Through this realisation, there was rise and growth of Socialist ideology.
4. Answer the following questions in brief.
*(1) Why was the struggle for equality important in the making of Modern India?
• Ans:India achieved freedom because of freedom struggle.
• The scope of this struggle was not limited to achieve political freedom but emancipation of man from all types of bondages.
• Therefore in the course of this struggle, there was opposition to feudalism, social inequality and economic exploitation.
• The principle of equality was given equal importance.
• Various groups such as farmers, workers, women and Dalits came forward and started movements in order to get justice and bring about reforms.
This proves that the struggle for equality has great significance in the making of Modern India.
*(2) Write about the work of Sane Guruji in eastern Khandesh.
• Ans:In 1938, due to heavy rains crops were destroyed in eastern Khandesh.
• He organised the farmers who were in miserable state.
• Sane Guruji organised meetings and processions at many places in eastern Khandesh to have land revenue waived for the farmers.
• He took out marches on the Collector office.
• He tried to create a strong centre of workers union at Dhule-Ammalner.
*(3) How was the struggle built up by workers decisive for the national movement ?
• Ans: The beginning of the 19th century witnessed the emergence of working-class due to industrialisation. They made efforts to solve their problems.
• During the anti-partition movement, workers carried out strikes from time to time to pressurise the British government.
• The tea plantation workers in Assam launched an agitation against their wretched condition.
• During the anti-partition movement, workers carried out strikes from time to time in support of Swadeshi.
• In 1928, the Mill Workers Union went on strike for six months. Many such strikes were organised by the Railway workers, jute mill workers, etc.
*(4) Discuss the nature of reform movement related to women.
• Ans:Women had a secondary position in the Indian social system.
• They were subjected to many injustices because of evil practices.
• In the 20th century, many reforms were initiated for the betterment of women.
• The reform movement was led by women and institutions formed by them.
• They fought for issues such as the right to inheritance, right to vote through the medium of these institutions.
• The involvement of women went on increasing. They played an active role in the national movement and in the revolutionary movement.
• Due to the reform movement, women were included in the Provincial Ministries.
Comments
Post a Comment