8th His 8. Civil Disobedience Movement: Questions- answers
8th His 8. Civil Disobedience Movement: Questions- answers
1. Rewrite the statements by choosing the
appropriate options.
(Mahatma Gandhi, Khuda-i-Khidmatgar, Ramsay Mac Donald, Sarojini Naidu)
(1)Ramsay Mac Donald organised the Round Table Conference in London.
(2) Khan Abdul Gafar Khan established the organisation named Khuda-i-Khidmatgar.
(3) Sarojini Naidu led the Dharasana Satyagraha.
(4) In the Second Round Table Conference Mahatma Gandhi participated as a representative of Indian National Congress.
2. Explain the following statements with reasons.
(1) Chandrasingh Thakur was court martialled and severely punished.
And: Khan Abdul Khan Gafar started satyagraha at
Peshawar. The town was in the hands of the satyagrahis nearly for a week. The British Government gave orders to the Garhwal regiment to
carry out open firing on the Satyagrahis, but Chandrasing Thakur, an officer of Garhwal Regiment, refused to open fire. He was court
martialled and was given a severe punishment.
(2) The Government declared Martial Law at Solapur.
Ans: The mill workers were on the forefront in the Solapur satyagraha. On 6 May 1930, hartal was
observed in Solapur. A huge procession was
organised in Solapur. The District Collector gave orders of firing on the procession.Many volunteers along with Shankar Shivdare died in the firing. As a result, people started attacking police stations,
railway station, courts, municipal buildings etc. The Government declared Martial Law and the agitation was supressed.
(3) The deliberations in the First Round Table Conference proved to be meaningless.
Ans:
• Representatives of England and India
participated in the Conference. These included Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar, Sir Tej Bahadur Sapru, Barrister Jinnah etc.
• Representatives of different political parties in India and rulers of Princely states participated in the conference.
• However, the Indian National Congress did not participate in it. The Indian National Congress was a body that represented the country. Without its participation, the deliberations in the Round Table Conference were indeed
• meaningless.
(4) Gandhiji began fast unto death in the Yerwada jail.
• Ans: The Communal Award declared by the British Prime Minister Ramsay Mac Donald provided separate electorates for the Dalits.
• This division of the society on the basis of caste was not acceptable to Gandhiji.
• Therefore, to protest against the Award, Gandhiji began fast unto death in the Yerawada jail.
3. Answer the following questions in 25 to 30 words.
(1) Why did Gandhiji decide to break the Salt Act to begin the satyagraha all over the country?
Ans: 1. Before launching the Civil Disobedience Movement Gandhiji demanded cancellation of salt tax and end the monopoly of the British government to manufacture it.
2. Being an important ingredient in the food of the common people, it was unjust to impose a tax on salt.
3. Gandhiji decided to launch the Salt Satyagraha by a violation of the Salt Act, which was symbolic in breaking all unjust and oppressive laws of the British.
(2) Why did the Indian National Congress withdraw the Civil Disobedience Movement ?
Ans: 1. After the failure of the First Round Table Conference, Prime Minister Ramsay Mac Donald hoped that Indian National Congress would participate in the Second Round Table Conference.
2. In order to create a conducive atmosphere Gandhiji and other political leaders were released from jail.
3. A pact was signed after discussion between Gandhiji and Viceroy Irwin.
4. According to the pact, the British Government gave an assurance of providing Responsible Government in the proposed constitution of India.
5. So, the congress agreed to suspend the Civil Disobedience Movement and participate in the Second Round Table Conference.
4. Complete the following timeline of Civil
Disobedience Movement.
Ans:
1. Rewrite the statements by choosing the
appropriate options.
(Mahatma Gandhi, Khuda-i-Khidmatgar, Ramsay Mac Donald, Sarojini Naidu)
(1)Ramsay Mac Donald organised the Round Table Conference in London.
(2) Khan Abdul Gafar Khan established the organisation named Khuda-i-Khidmatgar.
(3) Sarojini Naidu led the Dharasana Satyagraha.
(4) In the Second Round Table Conference Mahatma Gandhi participated as a representative of Indian National Congress.
2. Explain the following statements with reasons.
(1) Chandrasingh Thakur was court martialled and severely punished.
And: Khan Abdul Khan Gafar started satyagraha at
Peshawar. The town was in the hands of the satyagrahis nearly for a week. The British Government gave orders to the Garhwal regiment to
carry out open firing on the Satyagrahis, but Chandrasing Thakur, an officer of Garhwal Regiment, refused to open fire. He was court
martialled and was given a severe punishment.
(2) The Government declared Martial Law at Solapur.
Ans: The mill workers were on the forefront in the Solapur satyagraha. On 6 May 1930, hartal was
observed in Solapur. A huge procession was
organised in Solapur. The District Collector gave orders of firing on the procession.Many volunteers along with Shankar Shivdare died in the firing. As a result, people started attacking police stations,
railway station, courts, municipal buildings etc. The Government declared Martial Law and the agitation was supressed.
(3) The deliberations in the First Round Table Conference proved to be meaningless.
Ans:
• Representatives of England and India
participated in the Conference. These included Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar, Sir Tej Bahadur Sapru, Barrister Jinnah etc.
• Representatives of different political parties in India and rulers of Princely states participated in the conference.
• However, the Indian National Congress did not participate in it. The Indian National Congress was a body that represented the country. Without its participation, the deliberations in the Round Table Conference were indeed
• meaningless.
(4) Gandhiji began fast unto death in the Yerwada jail.
• Ans: The Communal Award declared by the British Prime Minister Ramsay Mac Donald provided separate electorates for the Dalits.
• This division of the society on the basis of caste was not acceptable to Gandhiji.
• Therefore, to protest against the Award, Gandhiji began fast unto death in the Yerawada jail.
3. Answer the following questions in 25 to 30 words.
(1) Why did Gandhiji decide to break the Salt Act to begin the satyagraha all over the country?
Ans: 1. Before launching the Civil Disobedience Movement Gandhiji demanded cancellation of salt tax and end the monopoly of the British government to manufacture it.
2. Being an important ingredient in the food of the common people, it was unjust to impose a tax on salt.
3. Gandhiji decided to launch the Salt Satyagraha by a violation of the Salt Act, which was symbolic in breaking all unjust and oppressive laws of the British.
(2) Why did the Indian National Congress withdraw the Civil Disobedience Movement ?
Ans: 1. After the failure of the First Round Table Conference, Prime Minister Ramsay Mac Donald hoped that Indian National Congress would participate in the Second Round Table Conference.
2. In order to create a conducive atmosphere Gandhiji and other political leaders were released from jail.
3. A pact was signed after discussion between Gandhiji and Viceroy Irwin.
4. According to the pact, the British Government gave an assurance of providing Responsible Government in the proposed constitution of India.
5. So, the congress agreed to suspend the Civil Disobedience Movement and participate in the Second Round Table Conference.
4. Complete the following timeline of Civil
Disobedience Movement.
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