2. Europe and India / Class 8th History Exercises
8th History
2. Europe and India
EXERCISE
Q.1 Rewrite the statements by choosing the appropriate options.
*1. In 1453 the city of ...... was conquered by Ottoman Turks.
1. Venice 2. Constantinople 3. Rome 4. Paris
Ans: Constantinople
*2. The industrial Revolution began in .......
1. England 2. France 3. Italy 4. Portugal
Ans: England
*3. ......tried to put restrictions on the illegal trade of British.
1. Siraj-ud-Daulah 2. Mir Kasim 3. Mir Jafar 4. Shah Alam
Ans: Mir Kasim
Q. 2 Explain the following concepts.
*1. Colonialism
Ans: Colonialism means one country exploiting another country by making it into a colony. A powerful country on the basis of economic and military strength occupies another region and establishes its political Supremacy. This is know as colonialism.
*2. Imperialism
Ans: Imperialism means a system in which a powerful country controls other countries by establishing its overall domination and establishing many colonies. Many countries from Asian and African continent fell prey to this imperialist aspiration of the European Nations.
*3. Age of Renaissance
Ans: In History of Europe, the last phase of mediaeval period i.e. 13th to 16th century is known as the period of renaissance. During this period reformation, religious reform movement and geographical discoveries laid the foundation of the modern era. Hence this period is also known as the ' Age of Renaissance.'
*4.Capitalism
Ans:
• Many traders came forward to trade with Eastern countries through sea route.
• Many traders came together and started trade.
• Hence there was a rise in trading companies.
• Trade with oriental countries was very profitable and responsible for economic prosperity.
• So European rulers started giving military protection as well as trade concession to these trading companies.
• This led to the accumulation of wealth in Europe.
• It led to rise capitalism in Europe.
Q.3. Explain the following statements with reasons.
*1. Siraj-ud-Daulah was defeated in the Battle of Plassey.
Ans: Siraj-ud-Daulah was defeated in the Battle of Plassey because
1.East India company officers misused the trade concessions obtained from Mughal Emperor in Bengal province.
2. The English built fortification around the factory at Kolkata without the permission of the Nawab.
3. Hence Siraj-Ud- Daulah captured the factory at Kolkata.
4.This created discontent in England.
5.Robert Clive diplomatically bribed Mir Jafar, The Commander in chief of the Nawab's army and also promised to make him the Nawab of Bengal.
6. Nawab Siraj-ud-Daulah and British troops met at Plassey in 1757 AD.
7. But under the leadership of Mir Jafar the Nawab's army made no move to actually join the battle and hence Siraj-ud-Daulah was defeated.
*2) The European countries felt the necessity of finding new trade routes to Asia.
Ans:1. In 1453 AD, The Ottoman Turks conquered Constantinople (Istanbul) which was the capital of Byzantine Empire.
2. The overload trade routes joining Asia and Europe went through this city.
3. Since Turks blocked this route, there was a need of finding alternative trade routes for the European countries to reach Asia.
4.This led to a new phase of Geographical discoveries.
*3) European rulers started giving military protection and trade concessions to the trading companies.
Ans: 1. With the discovery of new sea routes, began a new era of trade between Europe and Asia.
2. Many traders came forward to trade with Eastern countries through the sea route.
3. It was not easy to carry out trade single handedly and hence many traders came together and started trade.
4. Thus there was rise of many Trading Companies.
5. Trade with oriental companies was very profitable and responsible for economic prosperity.
6. Hence European rulers started giving military protection and trade concessions to these trading companies.
*Q.4 Complete the following table.
Ans:
2. Europe and India
EXERCISE
Q.1 Rewrite the statements by choosing the appropriate options.
*1. In 1453 the city of ...... was conquered by Ottoman Turks.
1. Venice 2. Constantinople 3. Rome 4. Paris
Ans: Constantinople
*2. The industrial Revolution began in .......
1. England 2. France 3. Italy 4. Portugal
Ans: England
*3. ......tried to put restrictions on the illegal trade of British.
1. Siraj-ud-Daulah 2. Mir Kasim 3. Mir Jafar 4. Shah Alam
Ans: Mir Kasim
Q. 2 Explain the following concepts.
*1. Colonialism
Ans: Colonialism means one country exploiting another country by making it into a colony. A powerful country on the basis of economic and military strength occupies another region and establishes its political Supremacy. This is know as colonialism.
*2. Imperialism
Ans: Imperialism means a system in which a powerful country controls other countries by establishing its overall domination and establishing many colonies. Many countries from Asian and African continent fell prey to this imperialist aspiration of the European Nations.
*3. Age of Renaissance
Ans: In History of Europe, the last phase of mediaeval period i.e. 13th to 16th century is known as the period of renaissance. During this period reformation, religious reform movement and geographical discoveries laid the foundation of the modern era. Hence this period is also known as the ' Age of Renaissance.'
*4.Capitalism
Ans:
• Many traders came forward to trade with Eastern countries through sea route.
• Many traders came together and started trade.
• Hence there was a rise in trading companies.
• Trade with oriental countries was very profitable and responsible for economic prosperity.
• So European rulers started giving military protection as well as trade concession to these trading companies.
• This led to the accumulation of wealth in Europe.
• It led to rise capitalism in Europe.
Q.3. Explain the following statements with reasons.
*1. Siraj-ud-Daulah was defeated in the Battle of Plassey.
Ans: Siraj-ud-Daulah was defeated in the Battle of Plassey because
1.East India company officers misused the trade concessions obtained from Mughal Emperor in Bengal province.
2. The English built fortification around the factory at Kolkata without the permission of the Nawab.
3. Hence Siraj-Ud- Daulah captured the factory at Kolkata.
4.This created discontent in England.
5.Robert Clive diplomatically bribed Mir Jafar, The Commander in chief of the Nawab's army and also promised to make him the Nawab of Bengal.
6. Nawab Siraj-ud-Daulah and British troops met at Plassey in 1757 AD.
7. But under the leadership of Mir Jafar the Nawab's army made no move to actually join the battle and hence Siraj-ud-Daulah was defeated.
*2) The European countries felt the necessity of finding new trade routes to Asia.
Ans:1. In 1453 AD, The Ottoman Turks conquered Constantinople (Istanbul) which was the capital of Byzantine Empire.
2. The overload trade routes joining Asia and Europe went through this city.
3. Since Turks blocked this route, there was a need of finding alternative trade routes for the European countries to reach Asia.
4.This led to a new phase of Geographical discoveries.
*3) European rulers started giving military protection and trade concessions to the trading companies.
Ans: 1. With the discovery of new sea routes, began a new era of trade between Europe and Asia.
2. Many traders came forward to trade with Eastern countries through the sea route.
3. It was not easy to carry out trade single handedly and hence many traders came together and started trade.
4. Thus there was rise of many Trading Companies.
5. Trade with oriental companies was very profitable and responsible for economic prosperity.
6. Hence European rulers started giving military protection and trade concessions to these trading companies.
*Q.4 Complete the following table.
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