5. The Religious Trends in Ancient India /Std. 6th History and Civics / Exercises/
Std.6th
Subject: History and Civics
5. Religious Trends in Ancient India
Exercises (Page no. 25)
1. Fill in the blanks.
(1) The principle of ............. is very important in Jainism.
Ans: Non-violence
(2) An extraordinary feature of Gautama Buddha’s personality is his ......... for all living beings.
Ans: Compassion
2. Answer in short.
(1) What were the teachings of Vardhaman Mahavir?
Ans: 1. Vardhaman Mahavir preached Pancha Mahavratas consisting of Ahimsa, Satya, Asteya, Aparigraha and Brahmacharya.
2. He emphasized the excellence of one's character.
3. He preached love of all living beings and asked people to practice mercy and compassion.
4. He preached the idea of 'Live and Let Live'.
(2) Which famous quote of Gautama Buddha have you read here? What values does it uphold?
Ans: 1. Gautama Buddha said,"Even the little quail can chirp freely in her nest. " Therefore he propounded the values of freedom and equality.
(3) What virtues are emphasized in Judaism?
Ans: Judaism emphasized the virtues of justice, truth, peace, love, compassion, humility, charity, ethical speech and self-respect.
(4) What are the teachings of Christianity?
Ans: Christianity teaches as follows.
1. There is only one Almighty God and he is loving father of all.
2. Jesus Christ is the son Of God and he descended on the earth for salvation of humanity.
3. We all are brothers and sisters and we should love even our enemies.
4. We should forgive those who err or go wrong.
(5) What are the teachings of Islam?
Ans: Islam teaches as follows.
1. Surrender to Allah.
2. Allah is eternal, absolute, all powerful and merciful.
3. The purpose of human existence is the worship of Allah.
4. Quran Sharif provides guidance on how man should behave in life.
(6) What is at the core of Parsee thinking?
Ans: The core of Parsee thinking is as follows:
1. The elements of fire and water are very important.
2. At the core of this religion are the three main principles of good conduct, namely good thoughts, good words and good deeds.
3. Write notes on :
(1) Aryasatyas
Ans: Aryasatyas (Noble Truths) : There are four truths at the root of all human affairs. They are called Noble Truths or Aryasatyas.
1. Dukkha (Suffering) : There is suffering in human life.
2. The Cause of Dukkha : There is a cause of suffering.
3. Dukkha-nivaran : It is possible to end suffering.
4. Pratipad : Pratipad means the ‘way’. This way leads to the end of suffering. This is the way of good conduct. It is known as the Ashtangik or Eight-fold Path.
(2) Panchasheel
Ans: Panchasheel : Gautama Buddha asked people to follow five rules. The rules are called Panchasheel.
1. Stay away from killing animals.
2. Stay away from stealing.
3. Stay away from unethical conduct.
4. Stay away from telling lies.
5. Stay away from intoxicants.
4. Put the following in the proper place in the chart of the Five Great Vows and the Three Jewels.
(1) Ahimsa (2) Samyak Darshan (3) Satya (4) Asteya (5) Samyak Jnan (6) Aparigraha (7)Samyak Charitra
(8) Brahmacharya
Ans:
Five Great Vows:
1. Ahimsa
2. Satya
3. Asteya
4. Aparigraha
5. Brahmacharya
Three Jewls:
1. Samyak Darshan
2. Samyak Jnan
3. Samyak Charitra
5. Give reasons :
(1) Why was the name ‘Jina’ given to Vardhaman Mahavir?
Ans: Jina is one who conquers all physical/ bodily desires. In pursit of knowledge, Vardhaman Mahavir undertook rigorous tapa, suffered bodily pains without flinching, gave up all comforts and conquered all bodily desires. Hence Vardhaman Mahavir came to be known as 'Jina'.
(2) Why did Gautama Buddha came to be called the Buddha?
Ans: Prince Siddhartha had attained knowledge of human life in its entirety. That is why he came to be known as the 'Buddha '.
Subject: History and Civics
5. Religious Trends in Ancient India
Exercises (Page no. 25)
1. Fill in the blanks.
(1) The principle of ............. is very important in Jainism.
Ans: Non-violence
(2) An extraordinary feature of Gautama Buddha’s personality is his ......... for all living beings.
Ans: Compassion
2. Answer in short.
(1) What were the teachings of Vardhaman Mahavir?
Ans: 1. Vardhaman Mahavir preached Pancha Mahavratas consisting of Ahimsa, Satya, Asteya, Aparigraha and Brahmacharya.
2. He emphasized the excellence of one's character.
3. He preached love of all living beings and asked people to practice mercy and compassion.
4. He preached the idea of 'Live and Let Live'.
(2) Which famous quote of Gautama Buddha have you read here? What values does it uphold?
Ans: 1. Gautama Buddha said,"Even the little quail can chirp freely in her nest. " Therefore he propounded the values of freedom and equality.
(3) What virtues are emphasized in Judaism?
Ans: Judaism emphasized the virtues of justice, truth, peace, love, compassion, humility, charity, ethical speech and self-respect.
(4) What are the teachings of Christianity?
Ans: Christianity teaches as follows.
1. There is only one Almighty God and he is loving father of all.
2. Jesus Christ is the son Of God and he descended on the earth for salvation of humanity.
3. We all are brothers and sisters and we should love even our enemies.
4. We should forgive those who err or go wrong.
(5) What are the teachings of Islam?
Ans: Islam teaches as follows.
1. Surrender to Allah.
2. Allah is eternal, absolute, all powerful and merciful.
3. The purpose of human existence is the worship of Allah.
4. Quran Sharif provides guidance on how man should behave in life.
(6) What is at the core of Parsee thinking?
Ans: The core of Parsee thinking is as follows:
1. The elements of fire and water are very important.
2. At the core of this religion are the three main principles of good conduct, namely good thoughts, good words and good deeds.
3. Write notes on :
(1) Aryasatyas
Ans: Aryasatyas (Noble Truths) : There are four truths at the root of all human affairs. They are called Noble Truths or Aryasatyas.
1. Dukkha (Suffering) : There is suffering in human life.
2. The Cause of Dukkha : There is a cause of suffering.
3. Dukkha-nivaran : It is possible to end suffering.
4. Pratipad : Pratipad means the ‘way’. This way leads to the end of suffering. This is the way of good conduct. It is known as the Ashtangik or Eight-fold Path.
(2) Panchasheel
Ans: Panchasheel : Gautama Buddha asked people to follow five rules. The rules are called Panchasheel.
1. Stay away from killing animals.
2. Stay away from stealing.
3. Stay away from unethical conduct.
4. Stay away from telling lies.
5. Stay away from intoxicants.
4. Put the following in the proper place in the chart of the Five Great Vows and the Three Jewels.
(1) Ahimsa (2) Samyak Darshan (3) Satya (4) Asteya (5) Samyak Jnan (6) Aparigraha (7)Samyak Charitra
(8) Brahmacharya
Ans:
Five Great Vows:
1. Ahimsa
2. Satya
3. Asteya
4. Aparigraha
5. Brahmacharya
Three Jewls:
1. Samyak Darshan
2. Samyak Jnan
3. Samyak Charitra
5. Give reasons :
(1) Why was the name ‘Jina’ given to Vardhaman Mahavir?
Ans: Jina is one who conquers all physical/ bodily desires. In pursit of knowledge, Vardhaman Mahavir undertook rigorous tapa, suffered bodily pains without flinching, gave up all comforts and conquered all bodily desires. Hence Vardhaman Mahavir came to be known as 'Jina'.
(2) Why did Gautama Buddha came to be called the Buddha?
Ans: Prince Siddhartha had attained knowledge of human life in its entirety. That is why he came to be known as the 'Buddha '.
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