1. Field Visit / Std. 10 Geography /EXERCISE
Std. 10 Geography
1. Field Visit
EXERCISE
1. If you were a part of this field visit, what
preparations would you make?
OR
2. Suppose teachers ask you to plan the visit. How will you plan the details of the trip?
Ans: Following preparations / plans will be made for the field visit:
(i) Deciding the place : Deciding an appropriate place for the field visit, selecting the means of transportation, and duration of the field visit should be planned well ahead.
e.g. selecting a place like fort/ factory/ hill station, etc.
(ii) Deciding the purpose : Deciding the objectives of the field visit and the elements which will be observed in the field visit should be decided, e.g. visiting a village to understand the problems faced by rural people in their daily life and finding solutions.
(iii) Collecting important documents : Collecting important documents like the location map, permission letters, etc.
e.g. For a visit to a factory, permission letter of the factory owner is required.
(iv) Preparing for emergencies : Preparing for emergencies is very important.
e.g. carrying first – aid kit, GPS enabled mobile phone, dry snacks, water bottle, etc.
(v) Preparing the budget: With the help of a teacher make a budget and plan the travel, stay and food expenses.
(vi) Planning the journey : Study the location map and the route map of the place to be visited. Distance, transport route should be planned. Also plan the time of departure and the entire schedule of the visit.
(vii) Making a list of items required : Water bottle, dry snacks, book, pen, binoculars, compass, camera, etc.
3. What precautions will you take continuously
during the field visit?
Ans: (i) Strictly obey instructions given by teachers.
(ii) Ensure safety of oneself and others, carry first – aid box, identity cards, etc. for emergency.
(iii) Note down information gathered immediately in the book and preserve the book and samples collected carefully.
(iv) Take photographs of sites / people wherever necessary during the field visit.
(v) Safeguard the natural surroundings and the historical monuments during the visit.
(vi) Do not litter and cause any inconvenience or harm to anybody.
4. Collect more information about mud and wood
houses (dhabyachi ghare).
Ans: (i) Dhabyachi ghare or mud and wood houses are made of earth mixed with water and organic materials such as straw or dung. The roof is made up of wood.
(ii) Straw is useful in binding the brick together and allowing the brick to dry evenly, thereby preventing cracking due to uneven shrinkage through the brick. Dung offers the same advantage.
(iii) These houses are built in the low rainfall areas of Maharashtra e.g. Vidarbha, Marathwada.
5.Correlate pulse cropping with low rainfall.
Ans: (i) Extreme weather even during growing and harvesting seasons can cause serious damage to crops.
(ii) Pulses are very sensitive to torrential rain, especially in the early vegetative stage and flowering stage.
(iii) A high quantity of rainfall can cause disease infestation in crops.
Hence, pulses are grown in places where there is less to moderate rainfall.
6. Obtain information regarding multi-purpose projects.
Ans: (i) Projects which serve more than one purpose are called as Multipurpose Projects.
(ii) Multi purpose Projects are planned for various purposes like irrigation and hydropower generation, water supply for drinking and industrial purpose, flood control, navigation etc.
(iii) For e.g. Bhakra Nangal Multipurpose Project on River Sutlej, Jayakwadi Multipurpose Project on River Godavari, etc.
7. ‘Vegetation is an indicator of difference
in precipitation’. What are the other indicators of difference in precipitation?
Ans: (i) Crops grown in a particular region can be one of the indicators of precipitation.
(ii) The type of houses found in the region is an indicator of precipitation. For e.g. in low rainfall regions, flat roof houses are found whereas in heavy rainfall regions houses have slanting roofs.
(iii) Texture and colour of the soil, humidity in the air, etc. are indicators of precipitation.
(iv) As temperatures rises, more people will need to keep cool by using air conditioner, which uses a lot of electricity. So, consumption of energy is another indicator of precipitation.
(v) Animal life can also be affected. If the climate is not suitable – (too wet, too dry, or too cold in winter) – plants and the animals that depend upon them for food or habitat will struggle or die.
8. How will the terrain below appear to the birds from the sky?
Ans: (i) To the birds flying in the sky, the terrain will look like a flat land.
(ii) Every object on the terrain will look very small in size.
9. Out of which process has the plateau of
Maharashtra formed ?
Ans:(i) The Deccan Plateau was formed due to volcanic eruptions.
10. What is the main type of rock seen here?
Ans: The Deccan Plateau is made up of basalt rock.
11. Gather information about forts. Consider
the following points for it- determination of location,period of construction, construction style and security mechanism.
Ans:
12. Do you agree that regions and necessities influence the difference in the means of livelihood?
Ans: (i) A person’s livelihood refers to their “means of securing the basic necessities of – food, water, shelter and clothing – of life.”
(ii) To acquire above necessities, people work either individually or as a group by using skills (both human and material) for meeting the requirements of the self. The activities are usually carried out repeatedly.
(iii) For instance, a fisherman’s livelihood depends on the availability and accessibility of fish and depending on this, primary, secondary and tertiary occupations will develop, like making of boats, nets, fish canning, transportation, etc.
(iv) So, definitely the regions and necessities influence the difference in the means of livelihood.
13. Guess in which season of the year is the field
visit being undertaken?
Ans: The following points tell us that the field visit is being undertaken in the rainy season.
(i) Paddy fields are visible.
(ii) Waterfalls are seen in the Sahyadris.
14. What is the concept of 'Devrai’.
• Ans: Devrai means sacred groves / patch of forest.
• In Maharashtra small patches of forest in the Ghats are protected by local people.
• It is based on the understanding that all creations of nature have to be protected. Such beliefs have preserved several virgin forests in pristine form.
• These patches of forests or parts of large forests have been left untouched by the local people and any interference with them is banned.
15. What precautions have to be taken while going
to the sea coast?
Ans: The following precautions must be taken while going to the sea coast:
• Sun exposure at the sea is quite high. So, bring sunglasses and a hat to beat the sun’s rays and prevent sunburn.
• Consult the local people before entering the sea water.
• Avoid going beaches if there’s lightning in the forecast.
• Don’t go in deep water, if you do not know to swim.
• Beware of the waves, some are more powerful than you think.
• Don’t climb edges of rocks to click photographs, as they may be slippery.
• Be sure to bring plenty of water.
• Do not wear expensive watches and jewellery when going to the sea coast.
16. What is the simplest method of understanding
the timings of the tides?
• Ans:Tides are defined as the rise and fall of sea levels, caused by the combined effects of gravitational forces of the Moon, the Sun and the rotation of Earth.
• The simplest method of understanding the timings of the tides is by asking the local people.
• One can also do the same through observation, This tidal range typically changes twice daily.
17. What type of photographs will you click with respect to the field visit?
• Ans: The type of photographs to be clicked will depend on the purpose and place to visit.
• If the purpose of field visit is to study landforms then we will click pictures of mountains slopes, plateaus and plains.
• If the purpose of the visit is to study a forest, then we will click pictures of vegetation, dominant trees, wild animals, etc.
• Similarly, if we are visiting a village it would be settlements, agricultural fields, roads, irrigation, schools, etc.
18. On the basis of which points will you write the
tour report?
And: The following points should be used for preparing a report.
1. Introduction
2. Location and route map
3. Physiographic features
4. Climate
5. Plant and animal life
6. Human settlements
7. Occupations
8. Land use and type of crops
9. Important historical places
10. Environmental problems and measures
11. Conclusion
12. Use of diagrams, graphs, pictures can be taken to support the information collected during the field visit.
19. During field visit, how will you obtain various types of information?
Ans:
Answer in short :
(1) Make a report on your field visit.
Ans:
(2) Prepare a questionnaire for a field visit to a factory.
Ans:A questionnaire for a field visit to a factory will be as follows:
1. What is the name of the factory?
2. What is the location of the factory?
3. Which product is manufactured in the factory?
4. What are the raw materials used to make the final goods?
5. Where do the raw materials come from?
6. In which market is the final product sold?
7. How many people are employed in the factory?
8. Do you have shifts for your employees? What are their timings?
9. What safety measures do you adopt for your staff?
10. What precautions have been taken to prevent a fire hazard?
11. What precautions have been taken to prevent or reduce environmental pollution?
12. What mode of transport is used for the movement of raw materials and finished goods?
(3) How will you manage the litter during the
field visit?
Ans:
(4) What items will you take with you for the
field visit?
Ans:The following items I will carry with me for the field visit:
• Notebook, pen, pencil, camera, binoculars, etc to collect information.
• Magnetic compass, GPS enabled mobile phone and also maps to know directions and locate various places.
• I-card, water bottle, cap, and a first aid box are a must.
• Ziplock bag for collecting samples.
• Carry a questionnaire and information booklet about the place to be visited.
• Carry some bags to discard any trash.
(5) Outline the importance of field-visit.
Ans:
1. Field Visit
EXERCISE
1. If you were a part of this field visit, what
preparations would you make?
OR
2. Suppose teachers ask you to plan the visit. How will you plan the details of the trip?
Ans: Following preparations / plans will be made for the field visit:
(i) Deciding the place : Deciding an appropriate place for the field visit, selecting the means of transportation, and duration of the field visit should be planned well ahead.
e.g. selecting a place like fort/ factory/ hill station, etc.
(ii) Deciding the purpose : Deciding the objectives of the field visit and the elements which will be observed in the field visit should be decided, e.g. visiting a village to understand the problems faced by rural people in their daily life and finding solutions.
(iii) Collecting important documents : Collecting important documents like the location map, permission letters, etc.
e.g. For a visit to a factory, permission letter of the factory owner is required.
(iv) Preparing for emergencies : Preparing for emergencies is very important.
e.g. carrying first – aid kit, GPS enabled mobile phone, dry snacks, water bottle, etc.
(v) Preparing the budget: With the help of a teacher make a budget and plan the travel, stay and food expenses.
(vi) Planning the journey : Study the location map and the route map of the place to be visited. Distance, transport route should be planned. Also plan the time of departure and the entire schedule of the visit.
(vii) Making a list of items required : Water bottle, dry snacks, book, pen, binoculars, compass, camera, etc.
3. What precautions will you take continuously
during the field visit?
Ans: (i) Strictly obey instructions given by teachers.
(ii) Ensure safety of oneself and others, carry first – aid box, identity cards, etc. for emergency.
(iii) Note down information gathered immediately in the book and preserve the book and samples collected carefully.
(iv) Take photographs of sites / people wherever necessary during the field visit.
(v) Safeguard the natural surroundings and the historical monuments during the visit.
(vi) Do not litter and cause any inconvenience or harm to anybody.
4. Collect more information about mud and wood
houses (dhabyachi ghare).
Ans: (i) Dhabyachi ghare or mud and wood houses are made of earth mixed with water and organic materials such as straw or dung. The roof is made up of wood.
(ii) Straw is useful in binding the brick together and allowing the brick to dry evenly, thereby preventing cracking due to uneven shrinkage through the brick. Dung offers the same advantage.
(iii) These houses are built in the low rainfall areas of Maharashtra e.g. Vidarbha, Marathwada.
5.Correlate pulse cropping with low rainfall.
Ans: (i) Extreme weather even during growing and harvesting seasons can cause serious damage to crops.
(ii) Pulses are very sensitive to torrential rain, especially in the early vegetative stage and flowering stage.
(iii) A high quantity of rainfall can cause disease infestation in crops.
Hence, pulses are grown in places where there is less to moderate rainfall.
6. Obtain information regarding multi-purpose projects.
Ans: (i) Projects which serve more than one purpose are called as Multipurpose Projects.
(ii) Multi purpose Projects are planned for various purposes like irrigation and hydropower generation, water supply for drinking and industrial purpose, flood control, navigation etc.
(iii) For e.g. Bhakra Nangal Multipurpose Project on River Sutlej, Jayakwadi Multipurpose Project on River Godavari, etc.
7. ‘Vegetation is an indicator of difference
in precipitation’. What are the other indicators of difference in precipitation?
Ans: (i) Crops grown in a particular region can be one of the indicators of precipitation.
(ii) The type of houses found in the region is an indicator of precipitation. For e.g. in low rainfall regions, flat roof houses are found whereas in heavy rainfall regions houses have slanting roofs.
(iii) Texture and colour of the soil, humidity in the air, etc. are indicators of precipitation.
(iv) As temperatures rises, more people will need to keep cool by using air conditioner, which uses a lot of electricity. So, consumption of energy is another indicator of precipitation.
(v) Animal life can also be affected. If the climate is not suitable – (too wet, too dry, or too cold in winter) – plants and the animals that depend upon them for food or habitat will struggle or die.
8. How will the terrain below appear to the birds from the sky?
Ans: (i) To the birds flying in the sky, the terrain will look like a flat land.
(ii) Every object on the terrain will look very small in size.
9. Out of which process has the plateau of
Maharashtra formed ?
Ans:(i) The Deccan Plateau was formed due to volcanic eruptions.
10. What is the main type of rock seen here?
Ans: The Deccan Plateau is made up of basalt rock.
11. Gather information about forts. Consider
the following points for it- determination of location,period of construction, construction style and security mechanism.
Ans:
12. Do you agree that regions and necessities influence the difference in the means of livelihood?
Ans: (i) A person’s livelihood refers to their “means of securing the basic necessities of – food, water, shelter and clothing – of life.”
(ii) To acquire above necessities, people work either individually or as a group by using skills (both human and material) for meeting the requirements of the self. The activities are usually carried out repeatedly.
(iii) For instance, a fisherman’s livelihood depends on the availability and accessibility of fish and depending on this, primary, secondary and tertiary occupations will develop, like making of boats, nets, fish canning, transportation, etc.
(iv) So, definitely the regions and necessities influence the difference in the means of livelihood.
13. Guess in which season of the year is the field
visit being undertaken?
Ans: The following points tell us that the field visit is being undertaken in the rainy season.
(i) Paddy fields are visible.
(ii) Waterfalls are seen in the Sahyadris.
14. What is the concept of 'Devrai’.
• Ans: Devrai means sacred groves / patch of forest.
• In Maharashtra small patches of forest in the Ghats are protected by local people.
• It is based on the understanding that all creations of nature have to be protected. Such beliefs have preserved several virgin forests in pristine form.
• These patches of forests or parts of large forests have been left untouched by the local people and any interference with them is banned.
15. What precautions have to be taken while going
to the sea coast?
Ans: The following precautions must be taken while going to the sea coast:
• Sun exposure at the sea is quite high. So, bring sunglasses and a hat to beat the sun’s rays and prevent sunburn.
• Consult the local people before entering the sea water.
• Avoid going beaches if there’s lightning in the forecast.
• Don’t go in deep water, if you do not know to swim.
• Beware of the waves, some are more powerful than you think.
• Don’t climb edges of rocks to click photographs, as they may be slippery.
• Be sure to bring plenty of water.
• Do not wear expensive watches and jewellery when going to the sea coast.
16. What is the simplest method of understanding
the timings of the tides?
• Ans:Tides are defined as the rise and fall of sea levels, caused by the combined effects of gravitational forces of the Moon, the Sun and the rotation of Earth.
• The simplest method of understanding the timings of the tides is by asking the local people.
• One can also do the same through observation, This tidal range typically changes twice daily.
17. What type of photographs will you click with respect to the field visit?
• Ans: The type of photographs to be clicked will depend on the purpose and place to visit.
• If the purpose of field visit is to study landforms then we will click pictures of mountains slopes, plateaus and plains.
• If the purpose of the visit is to study a forest, then we will click pictures of vegetation, dominant trees, wild animals, etc.
• Similarly, if we are visiting a village it would be settlements, agricultural fields, roads, irrigation, schools, etc.
18. On the basis of which points will you write the
tour report?
And: The following points should be used for preparing a report.
1. Introduction
2. Location and route map
3. Physiographic features
4. Climate
5. Plant and animal life
6. Human settlements
7. Occupations
8. Land use and type of crops
9. Important historical places
10. Environmental problems and measures
11. Conclusion
12. Use of diagrams, graphs, pictures can be taken to support the information collected during the field visit.
19. During field visit, how will you obtain various types of information?
Ans:
Answer in short :
(1) Make a report on your field visit.
Ans:
(2) Prepare a questionnaire for a field visit to a factory.
Ans:A questionnaire for a field visit to a factory will be as follows:
1. What is the name of the factory?
2. What is the location of the factory?
3. Which product is manufactured in the factory?
4. What are the raw materials used to make the final goods?
5. Where do the raw materials come from?
6. In which market is the final product sold?
7. How many people are employed in the factory?
8. Do you have shifts for your employees? What are their timings?
9. What safety measures do you adopt for your staff?
10. What precautions have been taken to prevent a fire hazard?
11. What precautions have been taken to prevent or reduce environmental pollution?
12. What mode of transport is used for the movement of raw materials and finished goods?
(3) How will you manage the litter during the
field visit?
Ans:
(4) What items will you take with you for the
field visit?
Ans:The following items I will carry with me for the field visit:
• Notebook, pen, pencil, camera, binoculars, etc to collect information.
• Magnetic compass, GPS enabled mobile phone and also maps to know directions and locate various places.
• I-card, water bottle, cap, and a first aid box are a must.
• Ziplock bag for collecting samples.
• Carry a questionnaire and information booklet about the place to be visited.
• Carry some bags to discard any trash.
(5) Outline the importance of field-visit.
Ans:
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